APPENDIX
8-1
FAULT
TREE ANALYSIS
Figure A8-1 Cold Catastrophic Failure of LPG
Vessel
1 |
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Cold catastrophic failure of LPG vessel |
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3.6 x 10-7 |
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OR |
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2 |
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3 |
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Spontaneous failure |
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External event failure |
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1.8 x 10-7 x 2 (2 vessels) |
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0 |
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AND |
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4 |
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5 |
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Earthquake of Modified Mercali Intensity (MMI) VII |
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Probability of failure due to earthquake |
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1.0 x 10-5 |
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0 |
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Figure A8-2 Cold Catastrophic Failure of Road
Tanker
1 |
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Cold catastrophic failure of LPG road tanker |
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2.7 x 10-7 |
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OR |
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2 |
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3 |
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Spontaneous failure |
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Failure due to earthquake |
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2.7 x 10-7 |
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0 |
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AND |
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AND |
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4 |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 |
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8 |
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Spontaneous failure |
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Portion of time on site |
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Earthquake of Modified Mercali Intensity (MMI) VII |
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Probability of failure due to earthquake |
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Portion of time on site |
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2.0 x 10-6 |
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0.133 |
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1.0 x 10-5 |
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0 |
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0.133 |
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Figure A8-3 Cold Partial Failure of LPG Vessel
1 |
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Cold partial failure of LPG vessel |
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1.0 x 10-5 |
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OR |
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2 |
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3 |
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Spontaneous failure |
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External event failure |
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5.0 x 10-6 x 2 (for 2 vessels) |
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1.0 x 10-7 |
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AND |
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4 |
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5 |
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Earthquake of Modified Mercali Intensity (MMI) VII |
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Probability of failure due to earthquake |
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1.0 x 10-5 |
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0.01 |
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Figure A8-4 Cold Partial Failure of Road Tanker
1 |
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Cold partial failure of LPG road tanker |
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6.7 x 10-7 |
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OR |
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2 |
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3 |
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Spontaneous failure |
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Failure due to earthquake |
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6.7 x 10-7 |
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0 |
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AND |
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AND |
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4 |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 |
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8 |
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Spontaneous failure |
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Portion of time on site |
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Earthquake of Modified Mercali Intensity (MMI) VII |
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Probability of failure due to earthquake |
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Portion of time on site |
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5 x 10-6 |
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0.133 |
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1.0 x 10-5 |
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0 |
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0.133 |
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Figure A8-5 Guillotine Failure of Liquid-Inlet
Pipework
1 |
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Guillotine failure of liquid filling line to
vessel |
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4.8 x 10-8 |
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OR |
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2 |
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3 |
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External event failure |
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Spontaneous failure |
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1.3 x 10-8 |
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3.5 x 10-8 |
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AND |
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AND |
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4 |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 |
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8 |
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9 |
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10 |
Earthquake of Modified Mercali Intensity
(MMI) VII |
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Probability of failure due to earthquake |
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Proportion of time spent in filling |
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Spontaneous failure |
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Excess Flow Valve failure |
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Length |
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Proportion of time spent in filling |
1.0 x 10-5 |
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0.01 |
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0.133 |
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1.0 x 10-6 |
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0.13 per demand |
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2 |
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0.133 |
Figure A8-6 Guillotine Failure of Liquid Supply
Line to Dispenser
1 |
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Guillotine
failure of liquid filling line to dispenser |
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1.0
x 10-7 |
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OR |
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2 |
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3 |
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External
event failure |
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Spontaneous
failure |
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1.0
x 10-7 |
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1.5 x 10-9 |
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AND |
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AND |
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4 |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 |
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8 |
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Earthquake
of Modified Mercali Intensity (MMI) VII |
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Probability
of failure due to earthquake |
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Spontaneous
failure |
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Length |
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3
Shut Off Valve failure |
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1.0
x 10-5 |
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0.01 |
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1.0
x 10-6 per metre |
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15 |
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1.0
x 10-4 |
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Figure A8-7 Failure of Dispenser
1 |
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Dispenser
failure |
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5.6
x 10-6 |
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AND |
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2 |
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3 |
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Failure
of dispenser |
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Failure
to isolate |
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2.8
x 10-3 |
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2 x
10-3 |
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AND |
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AND |
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4 |
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6 |
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7 |
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Failure
of dispenser1 |
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No.
of dispenser |
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Failure
to close manual valve |
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Pressure
Relief Valve failure |
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3.5
x 10-4 |
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8 |
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0.2 |
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0.01
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OR |
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8 |
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9 |
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Spontaneous
failure of dispenser |
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Failure
due to vehicle collision |
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1.0
x 10-6 |
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3.5
x 10-4 |
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AND |
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10 |
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11 |
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Vehicle
collision |
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No.
of taxi per year |
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1.0
x 10-9 |
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350,400 |
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Figure A8-8 Failure of Flexible Hose during
Loading to Underground Vessel
1 |
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Failure
during loading |
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6.6
x 10-10 |
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AND |
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2 |
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3 |
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4 |
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Leakage during loading |
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No.
of filling per year |
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Failure
to isolate |
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6.6
x 10-6 |
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584 |
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1.7
x 10-7 |
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OR |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 |
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8 |
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Hose
disconnection |
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Hose
misconnection |
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Drive
away failure |
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Spontaneous failure |
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4.0
x 10-7 |
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6.0
x 10-6 |
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5.2
x 10-8 |
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1.8 x 10-7 |
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AND |
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AND |
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AND |
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9 |
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10 |
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11 |
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12 |
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13 |
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14 |
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Hose
disconnection |
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Driver
fail to rectify the problem |
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Hose
misconnection |
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Driver
fail to rectify the problem |
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Tanker
drives away |
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Breakaway
Coupling failure |
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2 x
10-6 |
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0.2 |
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3 x
10-5 |
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0.2 |
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4 x
10-6 |
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0.013 |
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Figure A8-9 Failure of Flexible Hose during
Loading to Vehicle Vessel
1 |
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Failure
during loading |
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7.1
x 10-8 |
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AND |
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2 |
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3 |
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4 |
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Leakage during loading |
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No.
of filling per year |
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Failure
to isolate |
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1.2
x 10-6 |
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350,400 |
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1.7
x 10-7 |
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OR |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 |
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8 |
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Hose
disconnection |
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Drive
away failure |
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Spontaneous failure |
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Vehicle collision |
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4.0
x 10-7 |
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8.0
x 10-7 |
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1.5 x 10-9 |
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1.0 x 10-9 |
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AND |
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AND |
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9 |
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10 |
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11 |
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12 |
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Hose
disconnection |
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Driver
fail to rectify the problem |
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Vehicle
drives away |
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Staff
fail to rectify the problem |
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2 x
10-6 |
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0.2 |
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4 x
10-6 |
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0.2 |
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Figure A8-10 Failure to Prevent BLEVE
1 |
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Failure
to prevent BLEVE |
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0.025 |
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AND |
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2 |
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3 |
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4 |
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Water
spray system failure |
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Fire
service fail to prevent BLEVE |
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Coating
failed under jet fire |
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0.5 |
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0.5 |
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0.1 |
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Figure A8-11 Failure to Isolate
1 |
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Failure
to isolate |
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1.7
x 10-7 |
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AND |
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2 |
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3 |
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4 |
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Emergency
shut-off valve failure |
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Non-return
valve failure |
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Excess
Flow Valve failure |
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1 x
10-4 |
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0.013
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0.13
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